![]() ![]() River floodplains can also be seasonally or perennially wet because of regional groundwater inputs associated with geologic structures (e.g., Tooth and McCarthy, 2007 Assine et al., 2015 Koltzer et al., 2019). River floodplains that are hydrologically connected to the active channel can include substantial areas with ponds, lakes, and diverse types of wetlands (e.g., marshes, swamps, carrs, wet meadows). Wetlands can also sequester carbon at rates 30 to 50 times higher than forests (e.g., Tangen and Bansal, 2020). The saturated, reducing environment of wetlands limits microbial decay of organic material, and wetland soils therefore typically have much higher concentrations of organic carbon than nearby soils with lower soil moisture (e.g., Nahlik and Fennessy, 2016 Carnell et al., 2018). Increasing concern about warming climate is driving increased interest in diverse forms of carbon sequestration (e.g., Lal, 2008 Villa and Bernal, 2018 Gifford, 2020). The conceptual model is designed to help managers identify levels of hydrologic connectivity, channel and floodplain dynamics, floodplain vegetation, and other variables that may optimize carbon storage at a treatment site. We illustrate application and quantification of the conceptual framework using data from a pilot study of treatment, degraded, and reference stream segments along two streams in Oregon, United States. We develop a conceptual framework to identify the conditions that maximize carbon storage in relation to characteristics of the river corridor and specific restoration practices and propose response surfaces for carbon storage. We investigate the carbon storage potential of restored stream segments (known as treatment segments) relative to otherwise analogous degraded and reference segments. Although many benefits result from stream restoration, the carbon sequestration potential of different restoration approaches in diverse geographic settings has not yet been quantified. ![]() The primary goal of stream restoration is typically to restore habitat or maintain balance between natural ecosystem function and human land use. Restoration aimed at rewetting the valley floor has the potential to increase organic carbon stock in the form of floodplain soil carbon, downed wood, and riparian vegetation. ![]() Department of Geosciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States. ![]()
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